砂土地层泥水盾构开挖面孔隙变化特征理论研究     

毛家骅  袁大军  杨将晓  张兵 《岩土力学》2020,41(7):2283-2292

为保证开挖面的稳定,泥水盾构压力舱中的泥浆必须及时在开挖面土体表层形成泥膜,泥浆压力才能有效平衡地层中的水土压力。在考虑泥浆渗滤效应的基础上,建立了砂土地层泥水盾构开挖面泥浆恒压渗透模型,分析了渗透时间、泥浆浓度、泥浆压力和地层初始孔隙率对土体孔隙率及泥浆成膜的影响。结合刀具周期性切削作用,总结了泥浆反复渗透引起的开挖面表层土体孔隙率变化规律。基于刀盘、刀具布置形式和盾构掘进参数,分析了盾构掘进期间开挖面支护机制。结果表明：在无刀具切削作用时,泥浆渗透规律主要受到泥浆和地层特性影响;在刀具周期性切削作用下,在相同的切削深度下,刀具切削周期越短,泥膜在开挖面上越难形成;刀具较小的纵向切入速度有利于开挖面上更快形成泥膜;适当减少刀盘上同一轨迹刀具布置数量,降低盾构掘进速度和刀盘转动速度,有利于盾构掘进期间开挖面上泥膜存在面积的增大,对开挖面稳定起到积极作用。  相似文献   

河北阜平神仙洞探测研究及开发建议     

周文龙  高占冬  吴克华  黎有为  李坡  贺卫 《中国岩溶》2020,39(1):110-118

2015年在太行山区阜平1∶5万水文地质调查工作中发现了北方大型岩溶洞穴--神仙洞。2017年继续对该洞穴采用无纸化测量、三维激光扫描等方式进行重点探测,并比对两套数据以验证无纸化洞穴测量的精度与准确性。通过对神仙洞地下河开展的示踪试验,首次证实了神仙洞与金龙洞相连通;通过对神仙洞发育演化分析以及资源景观评价,认为神仙洞地质遗迹景观,特别是一些组合形态,在北方溶洞中具有较高价值,并提出保护性开发建议,旨在为集中连片特困区旅游扶贫开发提供精准支撑。  相似文献   

What happens after climate change adaptation projects end: A community-based approach to ex-post assessment of adaptation projects     

《Global Environmental Change》2023

Over the last decade, hundreds of climate change adaptation projects have been funded and implemented. Despite the importance of these first-generation adaptation projects for establishing funders and implementors’ “best practices,” very little is known about how early adaptation projects have endured, to what ends, and for whom. In this article, I propose a community-based methodology for ex-post assessment of climate change adaptation projects. This methodology contributes to recognitional justice by asking the individuals and collectives tasked with sustaining adaptation initiatives to define adaptation success and what criteria for success should be assessed. I apply this subjective assessment approach in 10 communities across Ecuador that participated in an internationally funded adaptation project that concluded in 2015. My analysis draws together participatory mapping, walking interviews with local leaders, participant observation, and surveys with former project participants. The results highlight that even adaptation projects that were deemed highly successful at their closure have uncertain futures. I find that the sustainability mechanisms that were envisioned by project implementors have not functioned, and communities are shouldering the burden of reviving failing adaptation interventions. These findings highlight that the current model of episodic funding for climate change adaptation projects and evaluation processes needs to be revisited to acknowledge the long-term challenges faced by communities. This analysis also calls attention to the importance of ex-post assessment for adaptation projects and the potential of subjective assessment approaches for building more ontological and epistemological pluralism in understandings of successful climate change adaptation.  相似文献   

煤矿勘查深孔钻探成孔工艺的改进     

莫树权  黄林  谭光辉 《贵州地质》2011,28(1):70-73

深孔钻探是目前地质找矿工作中攻深找盲的重要探矿手段.特别是煤矿勘查的特殊性更为如此,笔者通过具体事例分析,介绍了煤矿勘查深孔施工中选用性能适宜的机具、优化钻孔结构、套管及优质泥浆护壁的成功经验.  相似文献